Carnot cycle

An ideal closed thermodynamic cycle with reversibility is known as a Carnot cycle. Isothermal expansion, adiabatic expansion, isothermal compression, and adiabatic compression are the four sequential processes that take place. The substance can be expanded and compressed throughout these operations up to the desired point and returned to its initial state. https://cdn1.byjus.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/The-Carnot-Cycle-updated.png Following are the four processes of the Carnot cycle: In (a), the process is reversible isothermal gas expansion. In this process, the amount of heat absorbed by the ideal gas is qin from the heat source at a temperature of Th. The gas expands and does work on the surroundings. In (b), the process is reversible adiabatic gas expansion. Here, the system is thermally insulated, and the gas continues to expand and work is done on the surroundings. Now the temperature is lower, Tl. In (c), the process is a reversible isothermal gas compression process. Here, the heat loss qout occurs when the surroundings do the work at temperature Tl. In (d), the process is reversible adiabatic gas compression. Again the system is thermally insulated. The temperature again rises back to Th as the surrounding continue to do their work on the gas.